Iyo mudziyo uye musimboti wekushanda kweiyo crankshaft chinzvimbo chinzwa

Kugadzirisa mashandiro, hupfumi uye hushamwari hwezvakatipoteredza hwekutakura kwemazuva ano, vagadziri vemota vari kugadzirira mota nenhamba iri kuwedzera yemagetsi zvigadzirwa. Icho chikonzero ndechekuti zvemuchina zvikamu zvine mutoro, semuenzaniso, pakuumbwa kwemashure mumasilindiri, ayo aive akashongedzerwa nemota dzekare, aizivikanwa nekusagadzikana kwavo. Kunyangwe kusanganiswa kwakapfupika kwevanofambidzana kunogona kuendesa kune chokwadi chekuti mota yakangomira kutanga, kunyangwe pasina chikonzero chiri pachena.

Mukuwedzera kune izvi zvisingabatsiri, zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi hazvibvumiri kugadzirisa kwakanaka kwesimba remagetsi. Muenzaniso weiyi ndeyeyeye yekubata kupisa system, iyo inotsanangurwa zvakadzama. pano... Chinhu chakakosha mairi chaive chimishini chekuparadzira-mudariki (verenga nezve mudziyo wekuparadzira mune imwe ongororo). Kunyangwe iine kugadziridzwa kwakaringana uye neyakajeka yekuwisira nguva, iyi michina yakapa spark nguva kune mapark plugs, nekuuya kwematurbocharger zvaisagona kushanda nemazvo.

Seshanduro yakavandudzwa, mainjiniya akagadzira contactless kuvesa hurongwa, umo mushambadzi mumwe chete aishandiswa, inzwa chete inishuwarenzi yakaiswa mukati mayo panzvimbo pechimakanika. Nekuda kweizvi, zvaive zvichikwanisika kuwana kugadzikana kwakakura kwekuumbwa kwepamusoro-voltage kupisa, asi zvakasara zvakashata zveSZ hazvina kubviswa, nekuti aigadziridza zvemuchina mairi.

Kuti abvise zvese zvakakanganisika zvine chekuita nekushanda kwechimakanika zvinhu, yakawedzera gadziriso yemazuva ano - yemagetsi (nezve chimiro chayo uye musimboti wekushanda unotsanangurwa pano). Chinhu chakakosha mune yakadaro system ndeye crankshaft chinzvimbo chinonzwa.

Funga kuti chii, chii musimboti wekushanda kwayo, chii chakanangana nacho, maitiro ekuona kusashanda kwayo, uye kuti kuparara kwayo kwakazara nei.

Chii chinonzi DPKV

Iyo crankshaft chinzvimbo chinowanikwa mune chero jekiseni injini inomhanya pane peturu kana gasi. Injini dzemazuva ano diziri dzakagadzirirwawo chinhu chimwe chete. Chete muchiitiko ichi, pahwaro hwezviratidzo zvaro, nguva yejekiseni yedhiziri inotsanangurwa, uye kwete kugoverwa kwesaraki, nekuti injini yedhiziri inoshanda maererano neimwe musimboti (fananidzo yemhando mbiri idzi dzemota pano).

Iyi sensor inorekodha panguva ipi iyo pisitoni yekutanga uye yechina sepombi ichatora chinodiwa chinzvimbo (kumusoro uye pasi vakafa nzvimbo). Iyo inogadzira pulses inoenda kune yemagetsi control unit. Kubva pamasaini aya, iyo microprocessor inosarudza kuti crankshaft inotenderera nekumhanyisa kupi.

Ruzivo urwu runodiwa neECU kugadzirisa iyo SPL. Sezvaunoziva, zvinoenderana nemamiriro ekushandisa enjini, inofanirwa kuvesa mweya-mafuta musanganiswa panguva dzakasiyana. Mukubatana uye isiri-yekudyidzana masisitimu emagetsi, iri basa rakaitwa necentrifugal uye vacuum regulators. Mune yemagetsi system, maitiro aya anoitwa nemaalgorithms eiyo emagetsi control unit zvinoenderana neiyo firmware yakaisirwa nemugadziri.

Kana iri injini yedhiziri, masaini anobva kuDPKV anobatsira ECU kudzora jekiseni remafuta edhiziri musilinda yega yega. Kana iyo gasi yekuparadzira mashandiro akashongedzerwa neiyo phase shifter, ipapo pahwaro hwemapundu kubva kune iyo sensor, zvemagetsi zvinoshandura iwo angular kutenderera kweiyo mashini vharuvhu nguva inochinja... Aya ma siginari anodikanwa zvakare kugadzirisa mashandiro e adsorber (zvakadzama nezve ino system inotsanangurwa pano).

Zvichienderana nemhando yemota uye mhando yeiyo-bhodhi system, zvemagetsi zvinokwanisa kudzora kuumbwa kwemusanganiswa wemhepo-mafuta. Izvi zvinobvumira injini kumhanya zvakanyanya nepo ichishandisa mafuta mashoma.

Chero yazvino injini yemukati yemoto isingashande, nekuti iyo DPKV ndiyo inoitisa zviratidzo, pasina izvo zvemagetsi hazvizokwanisa kuona nguva yekupa cheki kana jekiseni remafuta edhiziri. Kana iri yemagetsi carburetor unit, hapana chikonzero cheiyi sensor. Icho chikonzero ndechekuti maitiro eVTS ekuumbwa anotariswa necarburetor pachayo (verenga nezve mutsauko uripo pakati pejekiseni uye carburetor injini zvakasiyana). Zvakare, kuumbwa kweMTC hakutsamiri pamashandisirwo echikamu. Zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvinokutendera kuti ushandure mwero wekuvandudza kwemusanganiswa zvinoenderana nemutoro pane injini yemagetsi yemukati.

Vamwe vatyairi vanotenda kuti DPKV uye sensor iri padyo necamshaft zvakafanana michina. Muchokwadi, izvi zviri kure nenyaya yacho. Chimbo chekutanga chinogadzirisa chinzvimbo che crankshaft, uye chechipiri - camshaft. Muchiitiko chechipiri, iyo sensor inoona iyo angular chinzvimbo checamshaft kuitira kuti zvemagetsi zvinopa kushanda kwakaringana kweiyo jekiseni remafuta uye kupisa system. Ose sensors anoshanda pamwechete, asi pasina crankshaft sensor, injini haizotanga.

Crankshaft chinzvimbo Switch mudziyo

Iyo dhizaini dhizaini inogona kusiyanisa kubva pamotokari kuenda kumotokari, asi izvo zvakakosha zvinhu zvakafanana. DPKV inosanganisira:

• Permanent magineti;
• Dzimba;
• Magnetic musimboti;
• Electromagnetic ichitenderera.

Zvekuti iko kusangana pakati pewaya uye ne sensor zvinhu hakunyangarika, ese ari mukati mekesi, ayo akazadzwa neinosanganiswa resin. Chishandiso chakabatana neiyo-bhodhi system kuburikidza neyakajairwa mukadzi / murume chinongedzo. Kune matanda mumuviri wechigadzirwa kuti uigadzirise munzvimbo yebasa.

Iyo sensor inogara ichishanda pamwe pamwe nechimwe chinhu, kunyangwe izvo zvisina kusanganiswa mukugadzirwa kwayo. Ichi chine pulley yemazino. Pane kamukana kadiki pakati pesimba remagineti uye mazino echipikiri.

Iripi crankshaft sensor

Sezvo iyi sensor ichiona paine nzvimbo yecrankshaft, inofanira kunge iri padyo padyo nechikamu cheinjini. Iyo yemazino pulley yakaiswa pane iyo shaft pachayo kana iyo flywheel (uyezve, nezve chikonzero nei flywheel ichidikanwa, uye ndezvipi zvigadziriso zviripo, zvinotsanangurwa zvakasiyana).

Iyo sensor inogadzikana isingafambi pane iyo cylinder block uchishandisa yakakosha bracket. Iko hakuna imwe nzvimbo yeiyi sensor. Zvikasadaro, haizokwanisi kubata nebasa rayo. Iye zvino ngatitarisei pamabasa akakosha eiyo sensor.

Ndeipi basa reiyo crankshaft sensor?

Sezvambotaurwa, zvine hunyanzvi, iyo crankshaft chinzvimbo maseru anogona kusiyana kubva kune mumwe nemumwe, asi kiyi basa kune ese akafanana - kuona nguva iyo iyo kuvesa uye jekiseni system inofanirwa kumisikidzwa.

Nheyo yekushanda ichasiyana zvishoma zvichienderana nerudzi rwema sensors. Iyo inowanzo shandurwa ndeye inductive kana magnetic. Chigadzirwa chinoshanda seinotevera.

Referensi dhisiki (aka ine toothed pulley) yakagadzirirwa nemazino makumi matanhatu. Nekudaro, mune chimwe chikamu chechikamu, zvinhu zviviri zvisipo. Iri ndiro gapuro ndiyo poindi yekunongedzera uko kumwe kushandurwa kwakazara kwecrankshaft kwakanyorwa. Panguva yekutenderera kweiyo pulley, meno ayo anotapurirana munzvimbo yemagineti senzwi. Pangosvika slot hombe isina meno inopfuura nenzvimbo ino, kupomba kunogadzirwa mukati mayo, iyo inodyiswa kuburikidza newaya kuchikamu chekutonga.

Iyo microprocessor yeiyo-pabhodhi system yakagadzirirwa zvirongwa zvakasiyana zveaya mapuru, zvinoenderana nema algorithms anoenderana anovhurwa, uye zvemagetsi zvinoshandisa iyo inodiwa system kana kugadzirisa mashandiro ayo.

Iko kune zvakare kumwe kugadziridzwa kwereferenzi discs, iyo nhamba yemeno mairi anogona kuve akasiyana. Semuenzaniso, dzimwe injini dzedhiziri dzinoshandisa tenzi dhisiki nekukwirisa kwemeno zvakapetwa kaviri.

Mhando dze sensors

Kana isu tikakamura ese sensors muzvikamu, ipapo pachave nevatatu vavo. Mhando imwe neimwe yesensu ine yayo musimboti wekushanda:

• Inductive kana rinobva sensors... Zvichida iyi ndiyo yakapusa shanduko. Basa rayo haridi kubatana kune wedunhu remagetsi, nekuti rinozvimiririra rinogadzira pulses nekuda kwemagineti induction. Nekuda kwekureruka kwekugadzirwa uye hombe basa sosi, yakadaro DPKV inodhura zvishoma. Pakati pezvakaipira zvekushandurwa kwakadai, zvinofanirwa kutaurwa kuti chishandiso chakanyanyisa kusviba pulley. Iko hakufanirwe kuve nevekunze zvimedu, senge oiri firimu, pakati pemagineti element nemazino. Zvakare, kuitira kugona kwekuumbwa kwemagetsi emagetsi, zvinodikanwa kuti pulley inotenderera nekukurumidza.
• Horo sensors... Kunyangwe chishandiso chakaomesesa, akadai maDPKV akavimbika uye zvakare ane hombe zviwanikwa. Tsanangudzo pamusoro pechigadzirwa uye kuti inoshanda sei zvinotsanangurwa mune imwe chinyorwa... Nenzira, ma sensors akati wandei anogona kushandiswa mumotokari anoshanda pachisungo ichi, uye vanozove nemitoro yezvikamu zvakasiyana. Kuti sensor ishande, inofanira kupihwa simba. Iyi nongedzo haiwanzoshandiswa kukiya iyo crankshaft chinzvimbo.
• Optical Switch... Nadzurudzo iri vakapakata chiedza mabviro uye mugamuchiri. Chigadzirwa chacho chinotevera. Iwo mazino e pulley anomhanya pakati pe LED neiyo photodiode. Mukuita kwekutenderera kweiyo rejisiti diski, mwenje wechiedza ungangopinda kana kuvhiringidza kugovera kwaro kune detector. Mune iyo photodiode, pulses inogadzirwa zvichibva pane zvinoitwa nechiedza, izvo zvinopihwa iyo ECU. Nekuda kwekuoma kwechigadzirwa uye kushomeka, uku kushandurwa hakuwanzo kuiswa pamushini.

Kukanganisa zviratidzo

Kana chimwe chinhu chemagetsi cheinjini kana sisitimu inosangana nacho chikatadza, iyo unit inotanga kushanda zvisirizvo. Semuenzaniso, inogona troit (kune ruzivo rwekuti nei chiitiko ichi chichionekwa, verenga pano), haina kugadzikana kuita idle, kutanga nekuoma kukuru, nezvimwe. Asi kana iyo DPKV ikasashanda, injini yemukati yemoto haizotanga zvachose.

Iyo sensor seakadaro haina chero malfunctions. Inogona kushanda kana kuti haishande. Mamiriro ezvinhu chete apo chishandiso chinokwanisa kutangazve kushanda ndeyekubata oxidation. Muchiitiko ichi, chiratidzo chinogadzirwa muiyo sensor, asi zvabuda hazviitike nekuda kwekuti dunhu remagetsi rakatyoka. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, iyo inokanganisa sensor inongova nechiratidzo chimwe chete - mota inomira uye haizotanga.

Kana iyo crankshaft sensor isingashande, iyo yemagetsi control unit haizorekodi chiratidzo kubva pairi, uye injini icon kana zvakanyorwa kuti "Tarisa Injini" zvinovhenekera pane chiridzwa panhare. Kuputsika kweiyo sensor kunoonekwa panguva yekutenderera kweye crankshaft. Iyo microprocessor inomira kurekodha zvishuwo kubva kune iyo sensor, saka haina kunzwisisa kuti ndeipi nguva iyo yaunofanirwa kupa rairo kune majekiseni uye mairi emoto.

Pane zvikonzero zvinoverengeka zvekuparara kwenzwi. Heano mamwe acho:

1. Kuparara kwechimiro panguva yemidziyo yekupisa uye kugara kuchizungunuka;
2. Kushanda kwemotokari mumatunhu akanyorova kana kukunda kazhinji kwemazambuko;
3. Shanduko inopinza muhutongi hwechigadzirwa (kunyanya munguva yechando, apo mutsauko wekushisa wakanyanya kwazvo).

Iyo yakajairika sensor kutadza haisisina hukama nayo, asi kune yayo wiring. Nekuda kweyakajairika kusakara uye kubvarura, tambo inogona kusakara, izvo zvinogona kutungamira mukurasikirwa kwemagetsi.

Iwe unofanirwa kuteerera kune DPKV mune inotevera kesi:

• Iyo mota haitange, uye izvi zvinogona kuve zvisinei kuti injini inodziya here kana kwete;
• Iyo crankshaft kumhanya inodonha zvakanyanya, uye mota inofamba, sekunge peturu yapera (mafuta haapindi ma cylinders, sezvo ECU yakamirira chikumbiro kubva ku sensor, uye hapana inoyerera inoenda kumakenduru, uyezve nekuda kwe kushomeka kwekushushikana kubva kuDPKV);
• Detonation (izvi zvinowanzoitika kwete nekuda kwekutyora kwe sensor, asi nekuda kwekugadzika kwayo kusagadzikana) kweinjini, iyo inokurumidza kukuzivisa iwe nezve inowirirana Switch;
• Iyo mota inogara yakagadzika (izvi zvinogona kuitika kana paine dambudziko newaya, uye chiratidzo kubva kune sensor chinowoneka uye chinonyangarika).

Inoyerera revs, yakaderedzwa dynamics uye zvimwe zvakafanana zviratidzo zviratidzo zvekutadza kweimwe mota masisitimu. Kana iri iyo sensor, kana chiratidzo chayo chikanyangarika, iyo microprocessor inomirira kusvikira iyi pulse yaonekwa. Mune ino kesi, iyo-pabhodhi system "inofunga" kuti crankshaft haisi kutenderera, saka kana cheki haigadzike, kana mafuta anopfirirwa mumakomba.

Kuti uone kuti nei mota yamira kushanda mushe, zvinodikanwa kuti uongorore komputa. Maitirwo azvinoitwa Chitsauko chakaparadzana.

Maitiro ekutarisa iyo crankshaft sensor

Kune nzira dzinoverengeka dzekutarisa DPKV. Chinhu chekutanga chaicho chekutarisa cheki. Kutanga iwe unofanirwa kutarisa kunaka kwekutsanya. Nekuda kwekutinhira kwekunzwa kweiyo sensor, iyo daro kubva kumagineti element kusvika kumeso emazino ari kuramba achichinja. Izvi zvinogona kutungamira kune isiriyo chiratidzo kutapurirana. Nechikonzero ichi, zvemagetsi zvinogona kutumira zvisirizvo kune vanoita. Muchiitiko ichi, mashandiro emota anogona kuperekedzwa nezviito zvisina musoro: kudzivirirwa, kuwedzera kwakanyanya / kuderera mukumhanya, nezvimwe

Kana mudziyo wacho wakanyatsogadziriswa munzvimbo yawo, hapana chikonzero chekufungidzira nezve zvekuita zvinotevera. Chikamu chinotevera chekutarisa kwekutarisa ndechekutarisa mhando yeiyo sensor wiring. Kazhinji, apa ndipo panowanikwa kuguma kwekukanganiswa kwenzwi, uye chishandiso chinoramba chichishanda nemazvo. Nzira yekuongorora inoshanda ndeyokuisa analogu inoshanda inoshanda. Kana simba remagetsi rikatanga kushanda nemazvo uye zvakadzikama, saka tinokanda sensor yekare.

Mumamiriro ezvinhu akaomesesa, kutenderera kwemagineti yakakosha kunokundikana. Kuputsika uku kuchabatsira kuona multimeter. Chigadzirwa chakagadzirirwa kurwisa kuyera modhi. Ma probes akabatanidzwa kune sensor maererano ne pinout. Kazhinji, ichi chiratidzo chinofanira kunge chiri pakati kubva pa550 kusvika pa750 Ohm.

Kuti usashandise mari kuongorora imwe nhumbi, zvinoshanda kuita zvechinyakare zvekudzivirira kuongororwa. Imwe yematurusi ayo anogona kubatsira kuona matambudziko akavanzika mune dzakasiyana zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi ndeye oscilloscope. Mashandisiro anoita mudziyo uyu pano.

Nekudaro, kana imwe sensor mumotokari ikakundikana, ipapo zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvinopinda mumamiriro ekukurumidzira uye zvichashanda zvakanyanyisa kushanda, asi mune ino modhi zvinokwanisika kusvika kuchiteshi chepedyo chebasa. Asi kana iyo crankshaft nzvimbo sensor ikatyora, saka iyo unit haizoshanda pasina iyo. Neichi chikonzero, zvingave zvirinani kugara uine analoge muchitoro.

Pamusoro pezvo, tarisa vhidhiyo pfupi yekuti DPKV inoshanda sei, pamwe neDPRV:

Crankshaft uye camshaft sensors: musimboti wekushanda, malfunctions uye nzira dzekuongorora. Chikamu 11

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Chii chinoitika kana sensor crankshaft ikakundikana? Kana iyo chiratidzo kubva ku crankshaft sensor ichinyangarika, mutongi anomira kuburitsa spark pulse. Nekuda kweizvi, kupisa kunomira kushanda.

Nzira yekunzwisisa sei kuti sensor crankshaft yakafa? Kana iyo crankshaft sensor isiri kurongeka, mota haizotanga kana kumira. Chikonzero ndechekuti iyo control unit haigone kuona kuti ndeipi nguva yekugadzira fungidziro yekugadzira spark.

Chii chinoitika kana sensor crankshaft isingashande?  Chiratidzo chinobva ku crankshaft sensor inodiwa kuwiriranisa mashandiro emafuta majekiseni (injini yedhiziri) uye ignition system (muinjini dzepeturu). Kana ikaparara, motokari haibatiki.

Iyo crankshaft sensor iri kupi? Chaizvoizvo, iyi sensor inosungirirwa zvakananga kune cylinder block. Mune mamwe mamodheru, inomira padyo ne crankshaft pulley uye kunyangwe pagiya bhokisi rekugara.