Fiat

Содержание ОсновательЭмблемаИстория автомобильного бренда в моделяхВопросы и ответы: В мире автомобилестроения компания Fiat занимает почетное место. Iyo ndeimwe yemakambani anozivikanwa ekugadzira michina nzira dzekurima, kuvaka, kutakura zvinhu uye kutakura vanhu, uye, hongu, mota. Nhoroondo yepasirese yemhando dzemotokari inowedzerwa nekusimudzira kwakasarudzika kwezviitiko zvakaunza kambani kune mukurumbira wakadaro. Heino nyaya yekuti boka revanamuzvinabhizinesi rakakwanisa sei kuita mota izere kunetseka kubva mubhizinesi rimwechete. Muvambi Pakutanga kweindasitiri yemotokari, vazhinji vanofarira vakatanga kushamisika kana vachifanirawo kutanga kugadzira mota dzemhando dzakasiyana. Mubvunzo wakafanana wakamuka mundangariro dzeboka duku ravanamuzvinabhizimisi vokuItaly. Nhoroondo ye automaker inotanga muzhizha ra1899 muguta reTurin. Iyo kambani yakagamuchira zita rekuti FIAT (Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino). Pakutanga, kambani yakabatanidzwa mumusangano wemotokari "Renault", iyo yaiva neDe Dion-Bouton injini. Panguva iyoyo yaive imwe yeakavimbika masimba masimba muEurope. Vakatengwa nevagadziri vakasiyana, uye vakaiswa pamotokari dzavo. Chimiro chekutanga chekambani chakavakwa pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi19 ne20. Yaishandisa vashandi zana nechidimbu. Makore maviri gare gare, Giovanni Agnelli akava CEO wekambani. Hurumende yeItaly payakabvisa basa repamusoro rekutengesa kunze kwesimbi, kambani yakakurumidza kuwedzera chiyero chebasa, ndokutanga kugadzira marori, mabhazi, injini dzezvikepe nendege, pamwe nemimwe michina yekurima. Nekudaro, vatyairi vanonyanya kufarira kutanga kwekugadzirwa kwemotokari dzinotakura dzekambani iyi. Pakutanga, aya aingova emhando dzemhando yepamusoro izvo zvisina kusiyaniswa nekureruka kwavo. Vepamusoro-soro chete ndivo vaikwanisa kuzvitenga. Asi, zvisinei neizvi, iyo yakasarudzika yakakurumidza kupararira, sezvo mhando yaiwanzoonekwa pakati pevatori vechikamu mumarudzi akasiyana. Mumazuva iwayo, yaive ine simba yekuvhura padhi yaikutendera iwe "kusatsveyama" mhando yako. Chiratidzo Chiratidzo chekutanga chekambani chakagadzirwa nenyanzvi akachiratidzira muchimiro chematehwe ekare ane chinyorwa. Chinyorwa chaive zita rakazara remugadziri wemotokari achangogadzirwa. Mukukudza kwekuwedzera kwechikamu chezviitiko, manejimendi ekambani anosarudza kuchinja logo (1901). Yakanga iri yeblue enamel ndiro, iyo iyo brand's yellow abbreviation ine chimiro chepakutanga chetsamba A yaive yakashongedzwa (chinhu ichi chinoramba chisina kuchinjika nanhasi). Mushure memakore makumi maviri nemana, kambani inosarudza kuchinja chimiro chechiratidzo. Iye zvino kunyorwa kwacho kwakagadzirwa pamashure matsvuku, uye wreath yelaurel yakaonekwa yakaipoteredza. Iyi logo yakaratidza kukunda kwakawanda mumakwikwi akasiyana emotokari. Muna 1932, dhizaini yechiratidzo inochinja zvakare, uye panguva ino inotora chimiro chenhoo. Ichi chimiro chakashongedzwa chakabatana zvakakwana nemagrill ekutanga eiyo modhi yakatenderedza kubva pamitsetse yekugadzira. Mukugadzirwa uku, logo yakagara makore makumi matatu nematanhatu akatevera. Yese modhi yakatenderedzwa kubva pamutsetse wekugadzira kubvira 1968 yakange iine mavara mana akafanana pagrille, chete nekuona iwo akagadzirwa mumahwindo akasiyana pane yebhuruu kumashure. Iyo 100th yemakore ekuvapo kwekambani yakaratidzwa nekuonekwa kwechizvarwa chinotevera chechiratidzo. Vagadziri vekambani vakasarudza kudzosera chiratidzo che20s, chete kumashure kwechinyorwa kwakava bhuruu. Izvi zvakaitika muna 1999. Iyo logo yakashandurwa zvakare muna 2006. Chiratidzo chacho chaive chakavharirwa mudenderedzwa resirivheri chine rectangular kupinza uye semicircular edges, izvo zvaipa chiratidzo kutaridzika kwemativi matatu. Zita rekambani rakanga rakanyorwa nemavara esirivha pane tsvuku tsvuku. Nhoroondo yemhando yemotokari mumhando Imotokari yekutanga, iyo iyo vashandi vemiti vakashanda nayo, yaiva 3/12НР modhi. Chiratidzo chayo chaive chekufambisa, icho chakafambisa motokari chete mberi. 1902 - Kugadzirwa kwemitambo yemitambo 24 HP inotanga. Apo motokari yakakunda mubairo wekutanga, mutyairi wayo aiva V. Lancia, uye pamuenzaniso we8HP, mukuru mukuru wekambani, J. Agnelli akaisa rekodhi murwendo rwechipiri rweItaly. 1908 - kambani inowedzera chiyero chezviitiko. Imwe kambani, Fiat Automobile Co., inoonekwa muUnited States. Marori anoonekwa mune arsenal yemhando, mafekitori anobatanidzwa mukugadzira ngarava nendege, uye tramu nemotokari dzekutengesa dzinodonha kubva kumitsetse yegungano; 1911 - mumiriri wekambani anokunda mujaho weGrand Prix, wakaitirwa muFrance. Iyo S61 modhi yaive neinjini hombe kunyangwe nezviyero zvemazuva ano - vhoriyamu yayo yaive 10 nehafu malita. 1912 - Mutungamiriri wekambani anofunga kuti yave nguva yekubva kubva kumotokari shoma dzevakakwirira uye mujaho wemotokari kuenda kumota dzakagadzirwa-zhinji. Uye muenzaniso wekutanga ndiTipo Zero. Kuita kuti kugadzirwa kwemichina yakasiyana nevamiririri vevamwe vanogadzira, kambani yakakwezva vagadziri vechitatu. 1923 - mushure mekutora chikamu kwekambani mukusikwa kwezvombo zvehondo uye matambudziko akaoma emukati (kuramwa kwakakomba kwakatungamira kambani kupotsa kudonha), mota yekutanga ine vanhu vana vanoonekwa. Aive neserial number 509. Iyo huru manejimendi zano rachinja. Kana kare zvaifungidzirwa kuti motokari yaiva yevakuru, zvino motto yakanga yakananga kune vatengiwo zvavo. Pasinei nekuedza kusundira purojekiti mberi, motokari yakakundikana kuwana kuzivikanwa. 1932 - yekutanga mushure mehondo motokari yekambani, iyo yakagamuchirwa munyika yose. Mutambi wacho ainzi Balilla. 1936 - Muenzaniso wakaunzwa kune vateereri vepasi rese vevatyairi, iyo ichiri mukugadzirwa uye ine zvizvarwa zvitatu. Iyi ndiyo yakakurumbira Fiat-500. Chizvarwa chekutanga chakagara pamusika kubva ku36 kusvika ku55 makore. Munhoroondo yekugadzirwa, 519 zviuru makopi echizvarwa ichocho chemotokari akatengeswa. Iyi miniature kaviri muchina wakagamuchira 0,6-litre injini. Chinhu chinoshamisa chemotokari iyi ndechokuti muviri wakatanga kugadzirwa, uye chassis nemamwe mayuniti emotokari akagadziriswa kwairi. 1945-1950 mushure mekupera kweHondo Yenyika Yechipiri kwehafu yemakore, kambani inobudisa mhando itsva dzakawanda. Aya ndiwo 1100V uye 1500D modhi. 1950 - Kutangwa kweFiat 1400 kugadzirwa. Injini yedhiziri yaive munzvimbo yeinjini. 1953 - Model 1100/103 inowanikwa, pamwe ne103TV. 1955 - Model 600 yakaunzwa, iyo yaive neinjini yekumashure. 1957 - Iyo yekugadzira yekambani nzvimbo inotanga kugadzirwa kweNew500. 1958 - Kugadzirwa kwemota diki diki dzinodaidzwa kunzi Seicentos kunotanga, pamwe neCinquecentos, ayo anowanikwa kune mushandisi wese. 1960 - Iyo 500th modhi mutsetse inozadzikiswa nechiteshi chengoro muviri. Ma1960 akatanga nekuchinja kwekutungamira (vazukuru vaAgnelli vakava vatungamiriri), izvo zvine chinangwa chekukwezva vatyairiwo zvavo muboka revateveri vekambani. Kugadzirwa kwema subcompact modhi 850, 1800, 1300 uye 1500 inotanga. 1966 - yakave yakakosha kune vatyairi veRussia. Mugore iroro, kuvakwa kweVolga Automobile Plant kwakatanga pasi pechibvumirano pakati pekambani nehurumende yeUSSR. Nekuda kwekubatana kwepedyo, musika weRussia wakazadzwa nemhando yepamusoro mota dzeItaly. Maererano neprojekti yemuenzaniso we124, VAZ 2105 uye 2106 yakagadzirwa. 1969 - Iyo kambani inowana iyo Lancia brand. Iyo Dino modhi inooneka, pamwe nenhamba yemotokari diki. Kuwedzera kutengesa kwemotokari pasirese kunobatsira mukuwedzera kwesimba rekugadzira. Saka, kambani iri kuvaka mafekitari muBrazil, kumaodzanyemba kweItaly nePoland. Muma1970s, kambani yakazvipira mukugadzirisa zvigadzirwa zvakapera kuti zviite zvakakosha kuchizvarwa chevatyairi venguva. 1978 - Fiat inosvitsa robhoti gungano mutsetse mumafekitori ayo, iyo inotanga kuunganidza iyo Ritmo. Yakanga iri budiriro chaiyo mumunda weinnovative technologies. 1980 - Iyo Geneva Motor Show inosuma iyo Panda demonstrator. ItalDesign studio yakashanda pakugadzirwa kwemotokari. 1983 - Kapoka Uno inodonha kubva pamutsetse wekugadzira, uchiri kufadza vamwe vatyairi. Tekinoroji dzepamberi dzakaiswa mumotokari maererano ne-on-board zvemagetsi, dhizaini yeinjini, zvinhu zvemukati, nezvimwe. 1985 - Mugadziri weItaly anosuma Croma hatchback. Hunhu hwemotokari hwaive hwekuti haina kuunganidzwa pachikuva chayo, asi ichi chikuva chainzi Tipo4 chakashandiswa. Iwo mamodheru eiyo Lancia mota inogadzira Thema, Alfa Romeo (164) uye SAAB9000 yaive yakavakirwa pane imwechete dhizaini. 1986 - kambani inowedzera, ichiwana iyo Alfa Romeo brand, iyo inoramba iri chikamu chakaparadzaniswa cheItaly kunetsekana. 1988 - kutanga kweTipo hatchback ine 5-musuwo muviri. 1990 - The voluminous Fiat Tempra, Tempra Wagon uye Marengo diki van inooneka. Aya mamodheru akaunganidzwawo papuratifomu imwe chete, asi dhizaini yakasarudzika yakaita kuti zvikwanise kugutsa zvinodiwa nemapoka akasiyana evatyairi. 1993 - akagadziridzwa akati wandei ePunto / Sporting subcompact, pamwe neiyo yakasimba kwazvo GT modhi (chizvarwa chayo chakagadziridzwa makore matanhatu gare gare). 1993 - kupera kwegore kwakaratidzwa nekubudiswa kweimwe ine simba Fiat motokari modhi - Coupe Turbo, iyo inogona kukwikwidzana neCompressor kuchinjwa kweMercedes-Benz CLK, pamwe neBoxter kubva kuPorsche. Motokari iyi yaimhanya mhanya 250 km/h. 1994 - Ulysse anounzwa pane mota show. Yakanga iri minivan, injini yaro yakanga iri kumativi ose emuviri, kutakura kwakaendesa torque kumavhiri epamberi. Mutumbi "imwechete-vhoriyamu", umo vanhu 8 vaive vakanyarara pamwe nemutyairi. 1995 - Fiat (muenzaniso weBarchetta mitambo dandemutande), iyo yakapfuura nepakati pePininfarina dhizaini studio, yaizivikanwa seye yakanakisa kutendeuka mukamuri mukati meGeneva Motor Show. 1996 - sechikamu chekubatana pakati peFiat nePSA kunetseka (pamwe neiyo yapfuura modhi), mhando mbiri Scudo uye Jumpy dzinoonekwa. Vaive neyakajairwa U64 chikuva, apo mamwe maCitroen nePeugeot Nyanzvi mamodheru akagadzirwa zvakare. 1996 - iyo Palio modhi yakaunzwa, iyo yakatanga kugadzirirwa musika weBrazil, uyezve (muna97) yeArgentina nePoland, uye (muna 98th) ngoro yechiteshi yakapihwa muEurope. 1998 - pakutanga kwegore, motokari duku zvikuru yekirasi yeEurope A inoratidzwa (verenga pamusoro pekugadziriswa kweEurope nedzimwe motokari pano) Seicento. Mugore rimwe chete, kugadzirwa kwemagetsi eElettra kunotanga. 1998 - iyo Fiat Marera Arctic modhi yakaunzwa kumusika weRussia. Mugore rimwe chete, vatyairi vakaunzwa nemhando ye Multipla minivan ine dhizaini inoshamisa yemuviri. 2000 - paTurin Motor Show, iyo Barchetta Riviera modhi inoratidzwa mune yakasarudzika dhizaini. Mumatsutso egore rimwe chetero, shanduro yevagari vemo yeDoblo yakaonekwa. Musiyano wakaratidzwa muParis waive wekutakura-uye-vatasvi. 2002 - iyo Stilo modhi yakaunzwa kune veitaly mafeni ekunyanyisa kutyaira (panzvimbo yeBrava modhi). 2011 - kugadzirwa kwemhuri crossover Freemont inotanga, panoshanda mainjiniya eFiat naChrysler. Mumakore akatevera, kambani yakatorazve kuvandudzwa kwemamodheru apfuura, kuburitsa zvizvarwa zvitsva. Nhasi, pasi peutungamiri hwekunetseka, mabhureki ane mukurumbira pasi rose seAlfa Romeo naLancia, pamwe nechikamu chemitambo, vane mota dzinotakura chiratidzo cheFerrari, vanoshanda. Uye pakupedzisira, isu tinopa diki ongororo yeFiat Coupe: Mibvunzo neMhinduro: Ndeipi nyika inogadzira Fiat? Fiat inyanzvi yekuItaly inogadzira mota nemarori ane makore anopfuura 100 enhoroondo. Iyo brand inotungamirwa muguta reItaly reTurin. Ndiani Ane Fiat? Iyo mhando ndeye Fiat Chrysler Automobiles. Mukuwedzera kune Fiat, kambani yevabereki ine Alfa Romeo, Chrysler, Dodge, Lancia, Maserati, Jeep, Ram Trucks. Ndiani Akasika Fiat? Iyo kambani yakavambwa muna 1899 nevashambadziri, pakati pavo paiva naGiovanni Agnelli. Muna 1902 akava maneja wekambani.