Thorsen: mazera, zvishandiso uye musimboti wekushanda

Mukufamba kwemotokari, kuita kwakasiyana kwazvo kunoitwa pamavhiri ayo, kutanga kubva mutoriki unouya kubva muchinjini kuburikidza nekutapurirana, uye kupera nemusiyano mukutendeuka kana mota iri kukunda kukunda kwakapinza. Mumotokari dzemazuva ano, musiyano unoshandiswa kubvisa musiyano mukutenderera kwevhiri pane imwe ekisero.

Isu hatizofunge zvakadzama kuti chii uye chii musimboti wayo wekushanda - chiripo Chitsauko chakaparadzana... Mune ino ongororo, isu tichafunga imwe yemhando dzakakurumbira dzemaitiro - Torsen. Ngatikurukurei kuti chii chinoshamisa, mashandiro ayo, uye mumotokari dzipi, uye nemhando dzipi dziripo. Iyi michina yainyanya kufarirwa nekuda kwesumo yayo muSUVs uye ese-mavhiri ekutyaira emota mamodheru.

Mune mazhinji emamodeli avo emota-dzemavhiri mota, ma automaker anoisa masystem akasiyana ayo anogovera torque pamwe nemaasi emota. Semuenzaniso, kune BMW, iyi xDrive (verenga nezve iyi budiriro pano), Mercedes-Benz - 4Matic (chii chiri peculiarity yacho, zvinotsanangurwa zvakasiyana) nezvimwewo Kazhinji musiyano ne otomatiki kukiya inosanganisirwa mumudziyo wemaitiro akadaro.

Chii chinonzi Torsen Kusiyana

Musiyano weTorsen ndeimwe yekushandurwa kwemaitiro ane mhando yehonye uye mhando yepamusoro yekukwesana. Saizvozvowo zvishandiso zvinoshandiswa mune dzakasiyana mota masystem umo torque simba rinogovaniswa kubva kune yekutyaira ekisero kuenda kune inotyairwa ekisero. Chigadzirwa chakaiswa pane vhiri rekutyaira, iro rinodzivirira kusati kweta vhiri kupfeka kana mota ichifamba munzira inotenderera.

Zvakare, michina yakafanana inoiswa pakati pemakisi maviri kuitira kuti itore simba kubva kuchikamu chemagetsi kuenda kune yechipiri ekisero, ichiita iyo inotungamira. Mune mamodheru mazhinji emazuva ano emota dzisiri dzemugwagwa, musiyano wepakati unotsiviwa neyakawanda-ndiro yekukweshera batira (chimiro chayo, kugadzirisa uye kushanda musimboti kunoonekwa. mune imwe chinyorwa).

Zita rekuti Thorsen rinoshandura kubva kuChirungu se "torque sensitive". Rudzi rwechigadzirwa runokwanisa kuzvivharira. Nekuda kweizvi, chinhu chega-chekuzvivharira hachidi mamwe marongedzero anokwenenzvera mashandiro eiyo michina iri kuongororwa Izvi zvichaitika kana iwo anotyaira uye anotyaira miseve ane akasiyana rpm kana torque.

Dhizaini yekuzvikiyira michina zvinoreva kuvepo kwehonye magiya (anotyairwa uye anotungamira). In madenderedzwa vatyairi, unogona kunzwa zita satellite kana Semi-axial. Aya ese mazwi anoreva zvakafanana nezvemagiya ehonye anoshandiswa mumushini uyu. Yehonye giya ine chimwe chinhu - hazvidi kuti ifambise kutenderera kufamba kubva padyo magiya. Pane zvinopesana, chikamu ichi chinogona kuzvimiririra kumonyanisa zvinowirirana zvegear zvinhu. Izvi zvinopa chikamu chakasiyana musiyano.

Kusarudzwa

Nekudaro, chinangwa chekusiyaniswa kweTorsen ndechekupa inokwana simba kutora-kubvisa uye torque kugovera pakati penzira mbiri idzi. Kana iyo mudziyo uchishandiswa mukutyaira mavhiri, saka zvakafanira kuti kana vhiri rimwe rotsvedza, rechipiri harirasikirwe ne torque, asi rinoramba richishanda, richipa traction nemugwagwa wepasi. Musiyano wepakati une basa rakafanana - kana mavhiri eiyo main axle slip, inokwanisa kuvhara uye kuendesa chikamu chesimba kune yechipiri ekisero.

Mune dzimwe mota dzamazuvano, vagadziri vemota vanogona kushandisa shanduko inosiyanisa yega vhiri rakamiswa. Nekuda kweizvi, iro simba repamusoro harisi kuendeswa kune axle trailing, asi kune iro rine traction yakanaka. Ichi chikamu chekutapurirana chakanakira kana muchina kazhinji uchikunda mamiriro asiri munzira.

Nzvimbo yayo zvinoenderana nerudzi rwekutapurirana nemotokari:

• Mberi vhiri rinotyaira mota. Mune ino kesi, mutsauko unenge uri mugearbox dzimba;
• Kumashure vhiri rekutyaira mota. Mune ino gadziriro, musiyano uchaiswa mune yekukiya dzimba yekutyaira ekisero;
• Makumbo mana anotyaira mota. Mune ino kesi, mutsauko (kana iyo yakawanda-ndiro yepakati batira isingashandiswe seyemumwe wayo) ichaiswa mudzimba dzesimbi yepamberi nemashure ekumashure. Inoendesa torque kumavhiri ese. Kana chishandiso chikaiswa mune yekuchinjisa kesi, ipapo ichapa simba kubviswa-neadrive axles (kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve chii chinongedzo kesi, verenga mune imwe ongororo).

Nhoroondo yezvisikwa

Chigadzirwa ichi chisati chaonekwa, vatyairi vemota dzinozvifambisa pachavo vakacherekedza kudzikira kwekudzora kwevashandi pavakakunda kukombama vachimhanya. Panguva ino, ese mavhiri, ayo akasimba akabatana kune imwe neimwe kuburikidza neakajairika ekisero, ane yakafanana angular velocity. Nekuda kweichi chiitiko, rimwe remavhiri rinotadza kusangana nemugwagwa wepasi (injini inoita kuti itenderere nekumhanyisa kumwe chete, uye nzira yemugwagwa inoitadzisa), iyo yakakurumidza kupfeka matai.

Kugadzirisa dambudziko iri, mainjiniya aivandudza anotevera modhi dzemotokari akataura nezvechigadzirwa, icho chakagadzirwa nemuvambi weFrance O. Pecker. Yaive nemiseve nemagiya mukugadzirwa kwayo. Basa remuchina uyu raive rekuona kuti torque inopfuudzwa kubva painjini yemoto kuenda kumavhiri ekutyaira.

Kunyangwe mune dzakawanda zviitiko kutakura kwakanyatsogadzikana kana kukona, asi nerubatsiro rweichi chishandiso zvaisaita kubvisa zvachose vhiri kutenderera pane akasiyana angular kumhanya. Kudzora uku kwakanyanya kuratidzwa apo mota yakawira munzira inotsvedza (chando kana matope).

Sezvo zvifambiso zvakaramba zvichiramba zvisina kugadzikana pakukona mumigwagwa isina kugadzirwa zvakanaka, izvi zvaiwanzo tungamira kukuitika kwetsaona dzemumigwagwa. Izvo zvakachinja apo dhizaina Ferdinand Porsche akagadzira cam cam iyo yaitadzisa iwo mavhiri ekutyaira kuti arege kutsvedza. Iyi mechiniki element yawana nzira yayo mukutumira kweakawanda maVolkswagen mamodheru.

Musiyano une wega-wekukiya mudziyo wakagadzirwa neAmerican mainjiniya V. Glizman. Iyo michina yakagadzirwa muna 1958. Iyo yekugadzira yaive yepamutemo neTorsen uye ichine zita iri. Kunyangwe hazvo mudziyo wacho pakutanga waive unoshanda, nekufamba kwenguva, akagadziridzwa akati wandei kana zvizvarwa zveiyi michina. Ndeupi musiyano pakati pavo, isu tichafunga zvishoma gare gare. Zvino isu tichaisa pfungwa pachinhu chekuita musiyano weThorsen.

Ainoita

Kazhinji kazhinji, iyo Thorsen mashandiro anowanikwa mune ayo mamodheru emota umo simba rekubvisa rinogona kuitiswa kwete chete pane yakasarudzika ekisero, asi kunyangwe pane rakasiyana vhiri. Kazhinji, iyo yekuzvivhara musiyano inoiswawo kumberi-vhiri rekutyaira mota mamodheru.

Iyo michina inoshanda zvinoenderana nesimboti inotevera. Iyo yekufambisa inoendesa kutenderera kune yakatarwa vhiri kana ekisero kuburikidza nemusiyano. Mumamota ekutanga emota, iyo michina yaikwanisa kushandura huwandu hwe torque pachiyero che50 / 50 muzana (1/1). Shanduko dzemazuva ano dzinokwanisa kugovera zvekare simba rekutenderera kusvika pachiyero che7 / 1. Izvi zvinobvumira mutyairi kudzora mota kunyangwe kana vhiri rimwe chete riine kudhonza kwakanaka.

Kana kumhanya kwesikidhi vhiri kukasvetuka zvine mutsindo, iyo honye-mhando giya remushini rakakiiwa. Nekuda kweizvozvo, mauto anoenda kune imwe nhanho pane rakasimba gumbo. Iyo skid vhiri mune yazvino mota mamodheru ingangoita inorasikirwa ne torque, iyo inodzivirira mota kusvetuka kana kana mota yakanamirwa mumatope / sinou.

Iyo yekuzvivhara musiyano inogona kuiswa kwete kwete chete kune dzimwe nyika mota. Kazhinji mashandiro aya anogona kuwanikwa pane epamba kumashure- kana pamberi-vhiri dhiraivha mota mhando. Mune iyi vhezheni, mota, chokwadika, haiite seyese-terrain mota, asi kana ikashandiswa zvishoma mavhiri akaiswamo, uye kubvumidzwa kwepasi kwakakwirira (kune rumwe ruzivo nezve iyi paramende, ona mune imwe ongororo), zvadaro zvakabatana nemusiyano weTorsen, iko kufambisa kuchabvumidza mota kusangana nemamiriro ezvinhu ari pakati pemugwagwa.

1) Mamiriro akafanana kune imwe neimwe ekisero: torque inopihwa zvakaenzana zvakaenzana kune ese masimbi miseve, mavhiri anotenderera panguva imwecheteyo;
2) Mberi ekisero iri pachando: kumberi / kumashure torque ratio inogona kusvika 1 / 3.5; mavhiri epamberi anotenderera neakakwira kumhanya;
3) Iyo mota inopinda mukona: iyo torque yekuparadzira inogona kusvika 3.5 / 1 (kumberi / kumashure mavhiri), epamberi mavhiri anotenderera nekukurumidza;
4) Mavhiri ekumashure ari echando: torque ratio inogona kusvika 3.5 / 1 (kumberi / kumashure axle), kumashure mavhiri anotenderera nekukurumidza.

Funga nezvekushanda kwemuchinjikwa-axle kusiyanisa. Maitiro ese anogona kukamurwa muzvikamu zvinoverengeka:

1. Iyo gearbox inoendesa torque kune inotyairwa giya kuburikidza neiyo huru drive shaft;
2. Iyo inotyairwa giya inotora kutenderera. Icho chinonzi mutakuri kana mukombe chakagadzikwa pairi. Izvi zvikamu zvinotenderera negiya rinotyairwa;
3. Sezvo mukombe uye giya rinotenderera, kutenderera kunoendeswa kune ma satellite;
4. Iyo shaft shafts yeimwe neimwe yemavhiri yakasungirirwa kuma satellite. Pamwe chete nezvinhu izvi, vhiri rinoenderana rinotendererawo;
5. Kana simba rekutenderera rikaiswa zvakaenzana pamusiyano, ma satellite haatendeuke. Mune ino kesi, chete giya rinotyairwa rinotenderera. Iwo ma satellite anoramba akamira mumukombe. Kutenda neizvi, simba rinobva mubhokisi regear rinogoverwa muhafu kune yega shaft shaft;
6. Kana mota ichipinda mukutenderera, vhiri riri kunze kweiyo semicircle rinoita shanduko zhinji kupfuura iro riri mukati medenderedzwa. Nechikonzero ichi, mumotokari dzine mavhiri akasimba akabatana pane imwe ekisero, pane kurasikirwa kwekusangana nemugwagwa wemugwagwa, nekuti kuramba kwehukuru hwakasiyana kunoitwa kune rumwe rutivi. Mhedzisiro iyi inobviswa nekufamba kwema satellite. Pamusoro pekuti dzinotenderera nemukombe, zvinhu izvi zvinotanga kutenderera zvichitenderedza akabatana. Iko kusarudzika kwechigadzirwa cheizvi zvinhu ndechekuti meno avo akagadzirwa muchimiro chemakoni. Kana masatellita achitenderera akatenderera akabatana, kumhanya kwekutenderera kwevhiri rimwe kunowedzera uye rimwe rinoderera. Zvichienderana nemusiyano mukukosha kwekushomeka kwemavhiri, kugoverwa patsva kwetorque mune dzimwe mota kunogona kusvika pachiyero che100 / 0 muzana (ndokuti simba rekutenderera rinotapurirana kune rimwe vhiri, uye rechipiri rinongotenderera zvakasununguka) ;
7. Musiyano wakajairika wakagadzirirwa kugadzirisa mutsauko mukutenderera kumhanya pakati pemavhiri maviri. Asi chiitiko ichi zvakare chinokanganisa mashandiro. Semuenzaniso, mota painopinda mumatope, mutyairi anoedza kubuda muchikamu chakaoma chemugwagwa nekuwedzera kumhanya kwevhiri. Asi nekuda kwekushanda kwemusiyano, torque inotevera nzira yekushomeka. Nechikonzero ichi, vhiri rinoramba risingafambe pachikamu chakatsiga chemugwagwa, uye vhiri rakamiswa rinotenderera nekumhanyisa kumhanya. Kuti ubvise izvi, iwe unongoda musiyano wekukiya (maitiro aya anotsanangurwa zvakadzama mune imwe ongororo). Pasina nzira yekukiya, mota inowanzo mira kana vhiri rimwe chete rikatanga kutsvedza.

Ngatinyatso tarisei kuti musiyano weTorsen unoshanda munzira nhatu dzakasiyana dzekutyaira.

Nekutwasuka kwakatwasuka

Sezvatatoona pamusoro apa, kana mota ichifamba ichitevedza yakatwasuka chikamu chemugwagwa, hafu yetoriki inogamuchirwa pane yega dhiraivha axle shaft. Nechikonzero ichi, mavhiri ekutyaira anotenderera neicho kumhanya. Mune ino modhi, iyo mashini yakafanana neyakaomarara coupling yemaviri mavhiri ekutyaira.

Masatellita azorora - anongotenderera nemuchina wemukombe. Zvisinei nemhando yekusiyanisa (kukiya kana mahara), mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro ekutyaira, michina inozvibata zvakafanana, nekuti mavhiri ese ari maviri pamusoro uye anotarisana nemushonga mumwe chete.

Kana uchitendeuka

Vhiri remukati wedenderedzwa rinoita mashoma mafambiro panguva yekukombama pane iro riri kunze kwekukombama. Muchiitiko ichi, basa rekusiyanisa rinoratidzwa. Iyi ndiyo yakajairwa modhi, umo michina inokonzereswa kubhadhara iwo musiyano mukumukirana kwemavhiri ekutyaira.

Kana mota ikazviwana yave mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro (uye izvi zvichiitika kazhinji, nekuti rudzi urwu rwekufambisa harufambi nenzira yakatangwa kare, sechitima), ma satellite anotanga kutenderera ekisero yavo. Muchiitiko ichi, kubatana nemutumbi weiyo michina uye magiya esimbi shafts haina kurasikirwa.

Sezvo mavhiri asingarasikirwe ne traction (kukwesana kunoitika pakati pematai nemugwagwa zvakaenzana), torque inoramba ichiyerera ichienda muchiyero icho chikamu chimwe chete che50 kusvika 50 muzana. Dhizaini iyi yakakosha pakuti pakumhanya kwakasiyana kwekutenderera kwemavhiri, vhiri, iro rinotenderera nekukurumidza, rinoda simba rakawanda kana richienzaniswa nerechipiri, rinoshanda pazasi kumhanya.

Nekuda kweiyi nhanho yekushanda kwechigadzirwa, kuramba kunoiswa kune vhiri rinotenderera kunobviswa. Mune mamodheru ane kuomarara kwakabatana kweanotyaira maasi, izvi hazvigone kubviswa.

Kana uchitsvedza

Hunhu hwerusununguko rwemahara hunodzikira kana rimwe remavhiri emota ratanga kutsvedza. Izvi zvinoitika, semuenzaniso, kana mota ikarova nzira ine matope kana mugwagwa une chando. Sezvo mugwagwa unorega kuramba kutenderera kweiyo semi-axle, simba rinotorwa richiendeswa kune vhiri remahara. Sezvingatarisirwa, kudhonza mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro kunonyangarika (vhiri rimwe, riri panzvimbo yakatetepa, rinoramba rakamira).

Kana mahara akaenzana emahara akaiswa mumushini, ipapo maNewtons / metres mune ino kesi anogoverwa chete zvakaenzana. Naizvozvo, kana traction ikanyangarika pane rimwe vhiri (kutenderera kwayo mahara kunotanga), yechipiri inorasikirwa nayo. Mavhiri anomira kunamatira munzira uye mota inononoka. Kana zvikaita kumira pachando kana mumatope, mota haizokwanise kufamba kubva panzvimbo yayo, nekuti mavhiri acho anobva angopunzika kana achitanga (zvichienderana nemamiriro emugwagwa).

Izvi ndizvo chaizvo zvakakanganisa kusakosha kwemahara misiyano. Kana traction ikarasika, simba rese reinjini yemoto yemukati inoenda kune vhiri rakamiswa, uye rinongotendeuka zvisina basa. Iyo Thorsen mashandiro inobvisa kuita uku nekukiya kana traction yakarasika pane vhiri ine yakagadzika traction.

Mudziyo uye zvikamu zvikuru

Iyo yekushandura Torsen dhizaini ine:

• Matemba kana makapu... Chinhu ichi chinogamuchira Newtons / metres kubva kune yekupedzisira dhiraivha shaft (inotyairwa giya yakaiswa mukapu). Mumuviri mune ma semi-axles maviri, uko kwakabatana satellites;
• Semi-axial magiya (anonziwo zuva giya)... Imwe neimwe yadzo yakagadzirirwa iyo semi-ekisero yevhiri rayo, uye inoendesa kutenderera kuburikidza nemipendero pazviri uye maekisero / semi-maekisheni;
• Masateraiti kurudyi uye kuruboshwe... Kune rimwe divi, zvakabatana kune semi-axial magiya, uye kune rimwe divi, kune mashandiro emuviri. Mugadziri akafunga kuisa satellites ina mumatanho eThorsen;
• Output miseve.

Kuzvivharira wega Thorsen kusiyanisa ndiyo yepamusoro mhando yechimisikidzo iyo inopa kugovera patsva kwetoriki pakati pemasipire shafts, asi panguva imwechete inodzivirira kutenderera kusingabatsiri kwegumbo rakamiswa. Shanduko dzakadai dzinoshandiswa muQuattro mota dzese-mavhiri kubva kuAudi, pamwe nemamodeli kubva kune vanozivikanwa vagadziri.

Mhando dzekuzvivhara musiyano Thorsen

Vagadziri vanogadzira zvigadziriso kumatanho eTorsen vagadzira matatu marudzi enzira idzi. Izvo zvakasiyana kubva kune imwe kune yavo dhizaini, uye inoitirwa kushandiswa mune chaiwo mota masisitimu.

Ese mamodheru emidziyo anoiswa mucherechedzo weT.Zvichienderana nerudzi, musiyano unenge uine marongero uye chimiro chezvikamu zvevakuru Izvi, zvakare, zvinokanganisa kugona kweiyo mashandiro. Kana akaiswa mugungano risiri iro, zvikamu zvinokurumidza kutadza. Neichi chikonzero, yega yega unit kana system inotsamira pane yayo yega musiyano.

Izvi ndizvo zvakaita mhando yega yega yeTorsen musiyano ndeye:

• T1... Iyo inoshandiswa seyakasiyana-vhiri musiyano, asi inogona kuiswa kuti igovanezve iyo nguva pakati pemakona. Ane diki diki rekuvharira uye anoisa gare gare pane chinotevera chinja;
• T2... Yakaiswa pakati pemavhiri ekutyaira, uye zvakare mune yekufambisa kesi kana mota iine mana-mavhiri ekutyaira. Zvichienzaniswa neshanduro yapfuura, kuvharirwa kweiyo michina kunoitika kumberi. Rudzi urwu rwechigadzirwa runowanzo shandiswa pane eruzhinji mota mamodheru. Iko kune zvakare T2R shanduko mune ino chikamu. Zvikamu zvemuchina uyu zvinokwanisa kumira zvakanyanya torque. Nechikonzero ichi, inongoiswa pamota dzine simba.
• T3... Inofananidzwa neshanduro dzekare, mhando yechigadzirwa iyi idiki. Iyo dhizaini dhizaini inokutendera iwe kuti uchinje iyo simba yekubvisa-ratidziro pakati penzvimbo. Neichi chikonzero, ichi chigadzirwa chinongoiswa chete mune yekuchinjisa kesi pakati pemakona. Mune ese-mavhiri ekutyaira akashongedzerwa nemusiyano weTorsen, kugoverwa kwetoriki padhuze nemaasi kunosiyana zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu emugwagwa.

Mhando imwe neimwe yemagadzirirwo inonziwo chizvarwa. Ngatifungei magadzirirwo maficha eumwe neumwe wavo.

Zvizvarwa zveTorsen Musiyano

Nheyo yekushanda uye mudziyo wechizvarwa chekutanga (T1) yakakurukurwa pakutanga. Mukugadzirwa, honye dzegiya mbiri dzinomiririrwa nemasaiti uye magiya akabatana neshingi yekutyaira. Iwo masetilaiti mesh ane magear anoshandisa helical mazino, uye yavo axis inotaridzika kune imwe neimwe axle shaft. Masatellites ari kuita pamwe chete nemazino akatwasuka.

Iyi michina inobvumira iwo mavhiri ekutyaira kutenderera paari iwo ega kumhanya, ayo anobvisa kudhonza kana pakona. Panguva iyo rimwe remavhiri parinotanga kutsvedza, iro honye rakabatana, uye muchina unoedza kuendesa torque kune rimwe vhiri. Nadzurudzo ichi ndicho simba, uye saka rinowanzoshandiswa anokosha motokari. Iyo inokwanisa kuendesa yakakwira mwero we torque uye ine yakakwira mwero wekukakavara kwesimba.

Chizvarwa chechipiri cheTorsen kusiyana (T2) chakasiyana neshanduko yapfuura mugadziriro yemasaiti. Axis yavo inowanikwa kwete zvakaringana, asi pamwe chete nemasemiaxes. Yakakosha notches (homwe) inoitwa mumuviri wechigadzirwa. Ivo vakapakata satellites. Kana iyo michina ikavhurwa, paired satellites inokonzereswa, iyo ine oblique mazino. Nadzurudzo iyi kunoratidzwa yakaderera kukweshera simba, uye kuvhara mashandiro kunoitika kwokutanga. Sezvambotaurwa, chizvarwa ichi chine vhezheni ine simba yakawanda iyo inoshandiswa pamotokari ine injini yekuita yakakwira.

Nechimiro, uku kushandurwa kwakasiyana neyakajairika analogue iri mhando yekubatana. Iyo dhizaini yemuchina ine rakatsemurwa kubatanidza, kune iro rekunze kune mazino e helical. Iyi batira inobata zuva giya. Zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu emugwagwa, chimiro ichi chine index inoshanduka yesimba rekukweshera pakati pezvinhu zvinobata.

Kana chiri chizvarwa chechitatu (T3), iyi michina ine mamiriro epuraneti. Iyo giya rekutyaira rakaiswa rakafanana nemasateraiti (iwo ane meno ehelical). Semi-ekisero magiya ane oblique marongero emazino.

Mune avo mamodheru, mugadziri wega wega anoshandisa aya mazera enzira nenzira yavo. Chekutanga pane zvese, zvinoenderana nekuti mota inofanirwa kuve nehunhu hupi, semuenzaniso, kana ichida plug-in-ese-vhiri dhiraivha kana kugoverwa kwetoriki zvakasiyana kune vhiri rega. Nechikonzero ichi, usati watenga mota, zvinofanirwa kujekesa kuti ndeyipi shanduko yemusiyano iyo automaker inoshandisa mune ino kesi, pamwe nemashandisirwo ayo.

Kusiyanisa kukiya Thorsen

Kazhinji iyo yekuzvivharira mechina inoshanda seyakajairwa kusiyanisa - inobvisa mutsauko mu rpm yemavhiri anotyairwa. Chigadzirwa chacho chakavharwa chete mumamiriro ekukurumidzira. Muenzaniso wezviitiko zvakadaro kutsvedza kweumwe wavo pane isina kugadzikana (echando kana matope). Izvi zvinoshandawo nekuvharira nzira yekupokana. Izvi zvinobvumidza mutyairi kuti abude mumatunhu akaoma asina rubatsiro.

Kana kuvharika kukaitika, torque yakawandisa (vhiri rakamiswa riri kutenderera zvisina basa) rinogoverwa kune vhiri nekubata kwakanyanya (iyi paramende yakatemwa nekushora kutenderera kweiri vhiri). Maitiro akafanana anoitika neakavhara-epasi axle. Iyo axle yakaturikwa inowana mashoma maNewtons / metres, uye iyo ine yakanakisa kubata inobata kushanda.

Ndeapi mota ari musiyano weThorsen pa

Iyo inofungidzirwa nadzurudzo yezvangu-yekuzvivharira nzira inoshingairira inoshandiswa nevanozivikanwa-venyika vemotokari. Urongwa urwu hunosanganisira:

• Honda;
• Toyota
• Subaru
• AUDI;
• Alfa Romeo;
• General Motors (mune angangoita ese Hummer mamodheru).

Uye iyi haisi iyo yose rondedzero. Kakawanda motokari-nemavhiri ose vakapakata kuzvidzora nokukiya musiyano. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti utarise nemutengesi nezve kuwanikwa kwayo, nekuti iko kutapurirana kunoendesa torque kune ese ari maviri maekisheni hakuwanzo kugadzirirwa neiyi nzira nekukanganisa. Semuenzaniso, pachinzvimbo cheichi chishandiso, iyo yakawanda-ndiro kukweshera kana viscous clutch inogona kuiswa.

Zvakare, iyi michina inowanzo kuve inoiswa pamotokari ine hunhu hwemitambo, kunyangwe iri yepamberi kana yekumberi vhiri modhi modhi. Yeyakajairika kumberi vhiri yekutyaira mota haina kugadzirirwa nemusiyano wekukiya, sezvo mota yakadaro ichida hunyanzvi hwemitambo yekutyaira.

Kubatsira uye kuipa

Nekudaro, musiyano werudzi rweThorsen wakagadzirirwa kubatsira mutyairi kukunda zvikamu zvemigwagwa zvakaoma pasina rubatsiro rwemunhu. Pamusoro peichi mukana, chishandiso chine zvakawanda zvakwakanakira:

• Iyo inogara ichishanda nemazvo zvakakwana mune yekukurumidzira;
• Inopa kushanda kwakanaka kwekutapurirana pamigwagwa isina kugadzikana yemugwagwa;
• Mukuita kwebasa, haibudise ruzha rwekunze, nekuda kwekuti nyaradzo irwo parwendo ingatambura (chero iyo michina iri mugwara rakanaka);
• Dhizaini yedhizaini inosunungura mutyairi zvachose kubva pakudiwa kwekutonga nzira yekuparadzira torque pakati pemakona kana mavhiri ega ega. Kunyangwe paine akatiwandei ekuparadzira modhi mune ye-bhodhi system yemota, kuzvivharira pachako kunoitika otomatiki;
• Maitiro ekuparadzanisa torque haakanganisa kushanda kweiyo braking system;
• Kana mutyairi achishandisa mota zvinoenderana nezvakakurudzirwa nemugadziri, iyo yekusiyanisa mashandiro haidi chero chengetedzo chaiyo. Kunze kwekudiwa kwekutarisa chiyero chemafuta mune crankcase yekutapurirana, pamwe nekudiwa kwekuchinja kwemafuta (iyo nguva yekutsiva inoratidzwa nemugadziri wemotokari);
• Kana yaiswa pamota ine pamberi-vhiri dhiraivhu, iyo mashini inoita kuti zvive nyore kutanga mota (chinhu chikuru ndechekudzivirira kuparara kwemavhiri ekutyaira), uye zvakare inoita kuti zvinoitika kuzviito zvemutyairi zvijeke zvakajeka.

Kunyangwe paine chokwadi chekuti uyu mashandiro ane akawanda akanaka maficha, haina kunze kwekukanganisa kwayo. Pakati pavo:

• Mutengo wepamusoro wechigadzirwa. Icho chikonzero cheichi ndiko kuomarara kwekugadzirwa uye kuungana kwechimiro;
• Nekuda kwekuti iko kutapurirana kunoonekwa kunowedzerana unit, uko kunogadzirwa kushomeka (kupesana pakati pegiya), muchina wakagadzirwa nemushonga wakafanana unoda mafuta akawanda. Pasi pemamwe mamiriro, mota inozove yakashatisa kana ichienzaniswa neanalog, iyo ine chete ekisero yekutyaira;
• Low kunyatsoshanda;
• Iko kune mukana wepamusoro wedhi yezvikamu, sezvo paine mudziyo wayo huwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu zvegear (izvi zvinowanzoitika nekuda kwehunhu hwechigadzirwa kana nekuda kwekuchengetedza kusati kwaitika);
• Panguva yekushanda, iyo mashini inopisa zvakanyanya, saka, girisi rinokosha rinoshandiswa pakuendesa, uko kusinga nyanye pasi pekupisa kwakanyanya mamiriro;
• Zvinhu zvakatakurwa zvinoenderana nekupfeka kwakakomba (zvinoenderana nekuwanda kwekuvharira uye nzira yekutyaira inoshandiswa nemutyairi mukukunda nzira);
• Kushanda kwemotokari kune rimwe remavhiri, iro rakasiyana nemamwe, haridiwe, nekuti mutsauko uyu unotakura mashandiro, izvo zvinotungamira mukukurumidza kupfeka kwezvimwe zvikamu zvaro.

Iyo yemazuva ano yekumberi-vhiri yekutyaira mota inofanirwa kutariswa zvakanyanya (iyo yemahara misiyano inotsiviwa neyekuzvidzivirira) Kunyangwe hazvo chokwadi kuti mota inowedzera kukurumidza kana ichinge yakona, panguva yekumhanyisa kumhanyisa, mota inoziva kune yemugwagwa pamusoro. Panguva ino, mota inova "yekuvhunduka", inodhonzwa pane yakasununguka nzvimbo, uye mutyairi anoda kumwe kutarisisa uye kushingaira kutungamira. Inofananidzwa nemidziyo yefekitori, uku kushandurwa hakuna kunyatsogadzikana panzendo refu.

Kana zvasvika kune emergency, mota yakadai haina kuteerera zvakanyanya uye isingatarisirwe senge fekitori vhezheni. Vaya vakasarudza pamazuvano akadaro vakadzidza kubva kune kwavo ruzivo kuti shanduko idzi dzinobvumidza kushandiswa kwehunyanzvi hwekutyaira zvemitambo. Asi kana ivo vasipo, saka haufanire kuisa mota kumakwidziridziro akadaro. Maitiro avo anongobatsira chete mumitambo modhi kana mumigwagwa yemunyika ine madhaka.

Uye zvakare, mutyairi, pamusoro pekuisa iyo yekuzvivharira mega, anofanirwa kugadzirisa zvakanaka mamwe ma parameter emota kuti anzwe kupinza kwekutyaira. Zvikasadaro, mota inozozvibata seSUV, iyo isingadiwe mumamiriro ezvinhu anoshandiswa kazhinji nekutakura uku.

Pakupera kwekudzokorora, tinopa imwe vhidhiyo nezve iro basa reiyo Thorsen yekuzvivharira musiyano uye nhoroondo yekugadzirwa kwayo:

Ichokwadi chese nezve TORSEN misiyano !! Uye zvakare HISTORY yavo !! ("Auto Kufungidzira", 4 dzakateedzana)

Mibvunzo nemhinduro:

Musiyano weTorsen unoshanda sei? Iyo meshini inonzwa iyo nguva apo rimwe remavhiri rinorasikirwa nekufamba, nekuda kwekusiyana kwe torque, magiya anosiyanisa anobata, uye vhiri rimwe rinova iro guru.

Musiyano weTorsen unosiyana sei kubva kune yakajairika musiyano? Musiyano wakajairwa unopa kugovaniswa kwekudhonza kune ese mavhiri. Kana vhiri rimwe rikatsvedza, kufambisa kunonyangarika pane yechipiri. Thorsen, kana ichitsvedza, inodzosera torque kune yakatakurwa axle shaft.

Torsen inoshandiswa kupi? Cross-axle self-locking differential, pamwe chete ne-inter-axle mechanism inobatanidza yechipiri axle. Musiyano uyu unoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumotokari dzese-mavhiri.